问题详情

Traditional plant breeding involves crossed varieties of the 【M1】______ same species in ways they could cross naturally. For example, disease-resistant varieties of wheat have been crossed with highly-yield wheat to combine these properties. This type of 【M2】______ natural gene exchange is safe and fairly unpredictable. 【M3】______ Genetic engineering(GE)involves exchanging genes between unrelated species that cannot naturally exchange genes with each other. GE can involve the exchange of genes between vastly different species, e. g. putting scorpion toxin genes into maize or fish antifreeze genes into tomatoes. It is possible that a scorpion toxin gene, even when it is in maize DNA, will still get the organism to produce scorpion toxin — but what other effects may 【M4】______ have on this alien environment？ We are already seeing this 【M5】______ problem — adding human growth hormone genes to pigs certainly makes them grow — but it also gives them arthritis and makes them cross-eyed, that was entirely unpredictable. 【M6】______ It will be obvious, for example, that gene for human 【M7】______ intelligence will not have the same effect if inserted into cabbage as 【M8】______ it had in human DNA — but what side-effect would it have？ In other word, is GM(Genetically Modified)food safe to eat？ The 【M9】______ answer is that nobody knows because long-term tests have not been carried out. The current position of the UK Government is that "There is no evidence of long-term dangers from GM food." In the US, the 【M10】______ American Food and Drug Administration is currently being prosecuted for covering up research that suggested possible risks from GM foods.

【M1】

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